Catan Complete Guide: The Strategy Resource Board Game

Catan (formerly Settlers of Catan) is the game that launched modern board gaming — a revolutionary resource management game where players build settlements, trade resources, and race to dominate an island. With over 40 million copies sold and translations into 40+ languages, it introduced an entire generation to strategic tabletop gaming.

Basic Rules

Equipment

• Hexagonal board of 19 terrain tiles (randomized each game)
• 5 resources: Brick, Lumber, Wool, Grain, Ore
• Building pieces: Roads, settlements, cities (per player color)
• Development cards: Knight, Progress, Victory Point cards
• 2 dice, resource cards, number tokens (2-12)

The Board

Each terrain hex produces one resource:

Terrain	Resource
Hills	Brick
Forest	Lumber
Pasture	Wool
Fields	Grain
Mountains	Ore
Desert	(no resource)

Each hex has a number token (2-12). When that number is rolled, the hex produces its resource for all adjacent settlements/cities.

Setup

1. Assemble the hexagonal board (random or preset layout)
2. Place number tokens on each terrain hex
3. Players take turns placing initial settlements and roads (2 each)
4. Each settlement must be at least 2 intersections from other settlements
5. Players receive starting resources from their second settlement

Objective

Be the first to reach 10 Victory Points. Points come from:

Source	Points
Settlement	1
City	2
Longest Road (5+ segments)	2
Largest Army (3+ knights)	2
Victory Point card	1 each
Starting settlements	2 (1 each)

Gameplay

Roll Phase

1. The active player rolls two dice
2. The sum determines which hexes produce resources
3. All players with settlements/cities adjacent to matching hexes receive resource cards
4. If 7 is rolled: the robber activates (see below)

The Robber (Rolling 7)

1. All players with more than 7 cards must discard half (rounded down)
2. The active player moves the robber to any terrain hex
3. The robber blocks production on that hex
4. The active player may steal one card from a player with a settlement/city on the blocked hex

Trading Phase

1. Domestic trade: The active player may trade resources with other players (any terms)
2. Maritime trade: Trade with the bank:
   • 4:1 — any 4 of the same resource for 1 of any other
   • 3:1 — with a port (generic)
   • 2:1 — with a specific resource port

Build Phase

The active player may build using resources:

Building	Cost	Effect
Road	1 Brick + 1 Lumber	Extends your road network
Settlement	1 Brick + 1 Lumber + 1 Wool + 1 Grain	1 VP, produces resources
City	2 Grain + 3 Ore	Upgrades settlement to 2 VP, doubles production
Development Card	1 Wool + 1 Grain + 1 Ore	Knight, Progress, or Victory Point

Strategy

1. Initial Placement

• Your starting settlements determine your entire game
• Prioritize resource diversity — don't rely on just 1-2 resources
• Aim for high-probability numbers (6 and 8 are most likely)
• Consider port access for resources you'll lack

2. Resource Balance

• Brick and Lumber are critical early game (roads and settlements)
• Ore and Grain become essential mid-game (cities and development cards)
• Wool is needed for settlements and development cards
• The player who controls the most different resources has the most options

3. Trading Strategy

• Trade aggressively early — building momentum matters more than card advantage
• Try to trade on your turn, not on others' — you benefit immediately
• Never trade someone the resource they need to win
• Use ports when trades with players aren't favorable

4. Development Cards

• Knight cards are the most versatile — they move the robber and count toward Largest Army
• Victory Point cards are hidden — opponents can't track them
• Save knights for when the robber is blocking your production
• Aim for Largest Army (3 knights) for 2 bonus VP

5. Road Strategy

• Longest Road (5+ segments) is worth 2 VP but can be stolen by another player
• Don't over-invest in roads — they don't produce resources
• Roads are primarily for reaching good building spots

6. City Strategy

• Upgrading to cities doubles resource production from those hexes
• Cities are the most efficient path to victory
• Prioritize upgrading settlements on high-probability hexes

Variations

Seafarers

• Adds sea hexes, ships, and islands
• Players can build shipping lanes across water
• More scenarios and larger maps

Cities & Knights

• Adds city improvements and barbarian invaders
• More complex with three commodity types
• Knights defend the island from barbarian attacks

Traders & Barbarians

• 5 scenarios with different gameplay mechanics
• Includes river, castle, and caravan variants
• More tactical depth

History

Origins

• Designed by Klaus Teuber in 1995 in Germany
• Teuber was a dental technician who designed games as a hobby
• Published by Kosmos in Germany, Mayfair Games in the US
• Originally called "Die Siedler von Catan"
• Won the Spiel des Jahres (Game of the Year) in 1995

Global Phenomenon

• Sold over 40 million copies worldwide
• Translated into 40+ languages
• Credited with launching the modern board game renaissance
• Inspired a generation of Eurogame design
• Called the "board game of our time" by the Washington Post

Cultural Impact

• Featured in TV shows including The Big Bang Theory and Parks and Recreation
• Catan World Championship held annually
• University courses teach game design using Catan
• Has over 30 expansions and variants

Statistics

• Catan uses 19 hexagonal tiles forming a variable board
• Designed for 3-4 players (up to 6 with expansion)
• 5 resources: Brick, Lumber, Wool, Grain, Ore
• Winning score: 10 Victory Points
• Over 40 million copies sold worldwide
• Available in 40+ languages
• Over 30 expansions and variants
• Spiel des Jahres winner (1995)
• A typical game lasts 60-120 minutes
• Suitable for ages 10 and up
• Credited with launching modern board gaming
• Klaus Teuber designed the original game
• Combines resource management, trading, and spatial strategy

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